Abstract: Based on the three-stage DEA method, from the perspective of resource input and output, three input variables and three output variables were selected to construct a model. The analysis was conducted using forestry statistical data from 20 provinces, including Heilongjiang, in 2023. The results showed that after eliminating environmental influencing factors through SFA frontier regression analysis, Heilongjiang Province's efficiency value ranking among the 20 provinces also rose significantly. The input-output ratios of the forestry industry in Heilongjiang Province, namely Crste, Vrste, and Scale, all improved. Vrste = 0. 67 and Scale = 1 indicate that the scale is appropriate, but technical management lags behind. The total forestry output has not reached the optimal level, and the structural matching between input and output is poor. There is still room for optimization in the allocation of forestry resources, and efficient and rational utilization has not yet been achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously promote institutional reforms in state-owned forest areas, promote the transformation of the forestry industry through diversified business entities, enhance the development and utilization of under-forest biological and ecological resources, fully unleash the economic and ecological value of resources, extend the industrial value chain of the under-forest economy, increase added value, and effectively transform resource endowments into economic advantages.