Abstract: With the accelerating pace of new-type urbanization, rural resilience has become a key indicator for assessing rural sustainable development. This study focuses on rural areas across the nine prefecture -level cities of Fujian Province. An evaluation index system of rural resilience is constructed from five dimensions involving economic, social, ecological, cultural, and governance. The entropy weight method is employed to measure the level of rural resilience in each city, and the obstacle degree model is used to identify bottleneck indicators with relatively high obstacle degrees. The results show that the overall level of rural resilience in Fujian Province is moderately high, yet pronounced regional disparities exist, forming a spatial pattern characterized by “higher resilience in the southwest, moderate resilience along the coast, and lower resilience in the northern inland areas”. Ecological resilience emerges as a widespread major constraint across the province. In some areas, indicators such as rural greening rate, domestic waste treatment rate, average years of education of residents, and industrial structure exhibit high obstacle degrees and should be prioritized in efforts to enhance rural resilience. Based on the types of obstacle factors, rural areas in Fujian are classified into five categories, and targeted optimization strategies are proposed including improving the ecological environment, adjusting the industrial structure, increasing investment in education and culture, and strengthening governance capacity. The findings provide references for rural revitalization and coordinated regional development in Fujian Province.