Abstract: There are many significant risks associated with the high dependence on imported soybeans in China. As a native tree species, Prunus pedunculata has broad development potential in the northwest, north, and northeast regions of China. Its kernels are rich in protein and oil, which can replace soybeans and reduce the risk of soybean imports. This article summarizes the current situation of soybean import dependence in China, as well as measures to reduce and alleviate the risk of high dependence on soybean imports, the characteristics that should be possessed to reduce the substitution of soybean plant resources, the potential of P. pedunculata to alleviate soybean import dependence, and the strategy of using P. pedunculata to replace soybean.