Abstract: As an institutional innovation in ecological civilization construction, the Forestry Chief System urgently requires in-depth empowerment from local think tanks for its efficacy transformation. Based on collaborative governance and knowledge conversion theories, we systematically analyzes implementation challenges of Guangxi's Forestry Chief System and proposes targeted optimization pathways. Research indicates that Guangxi has achieved remarkable results in ecological protection and industrial upgrading through establishing a five-tier organizational system, yet still faces challenges including lagging technological approaches and weak collaborative mechanisms. Local think tanks could construct a “think tank-government” collaborative governance framework by strengthening policy consultation, technological innovation, talent cultivation, and public participation pathways. Recommendations include improving think tank participation mechanisms, promoting scientific achievement transformation, and establishing dynamic evaluation systems to provide intellectual support for high-quality forestry development in Guangxi.