Abstract: With the panel data of agricultural production in Heilongjiang Province, the agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks in Heilongjiang Province from 2008 to 2022 were calculated. On this basis, the net carbon sinks were calculated and their temporal evolution characteristics were analyzed. The extended logarithmic Divisia index decomposition（LMDI） model was used to deeply analyze the factors affecting the agricultural net carbon sinks in Heilongjiang Province, and the Tapio decoupling model was used to explore the correlation between agricultural net carbon sinks and agricultural economic growth. The results showed that:（1） During the study period, straw burning was the primary source of agricultural carbon emissions in Heilongjiang Province, and agricultural carbon sinks were mainly contributed by grain crops such as rice. The total amount of agricultural net carbon sinks generally showed a fluctuating upward trend, from 29.599 8 million tons in 2008 to 49.064 7 million tons in 2022, with a growth rate of 65.76%.（2） The factors of agricultural industrial structure and agricultural economic development level have promoted the growth of agricultural net carbon sinks, while other factors have inhibited the growth of agricultural net carbon sinks.（ 3） The relationship between agricultural net carbon sinks and agricultural economic growth generally shows a trend of benign interaction, but its coupling state is still at a moderate level, and the improvement rate of environmental benefits continues to lag behind economic benefits.