Abstract: Universities are the main force in achieving the “dual carbon” goals, and studying the low-carbon consumption behavior of college students in their daily lives is of great significance to the realization of carbon neutrality in universities. From the Theory of Planned Behavior combined with the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice model, we constructed an empirical model affecting the lowcarbon consumption behavior of college students. Taking a forestry university as an example, a relevant questionnaire survey was conducted among college students, and structural equation modeling was used to explore the influencing factors of college students' low-carbon consumption behavior, and the moderating effect of public education and propaganda was discussed through hierarchical regression methods. The results show that: (1) Environmental cognition indirectly affects college students' low-carbon consumption behavior through their behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; (2) College students' behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively affect their low-carbon consumption behavior; (3) In the process of the impact of low-carbon consumption intention on low-carbon consumption behavior, low-carbon science education plays a positive moderating role.