Abstract: From the perspective of “ resource curse”, this paper studies the development status of state-owned forest industry in northeast China, analyzes the process and current situation of stateowned forest industry transformation as well as its realistic difficulties and causes, and puts forward countermeasures for the new wood forest product industry and non-wood forest product industry in order to better solve the difficulties and constraints faced by state-owned forest industry transformation. The industrial transformation of state-owned forest areas in northeast China is mainly faced with the difficulties of insufficient funds for conversion projects, restricting the process of transformation and development, poor quality of labor force, difficult to form economies of scale in independent operation, imperfect social management system after reform, and unstraightening of operation and management mechanism. These difficulties are mainly caused by “Dutch disease”, “crowding out” effect of natural resources and restrictions of property rights system. From the theory of industrial structure optimization and the perspective of wood forest product industry and non-wood forest product industry, the path of industrial extension, industrial substitution, industrial elimination, industrial restructuring and industrial integration is proposed to promote the industrial transformation of state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province. It should to promote the rationalization and upgrading of the industrial structure of Heilongjiang stateowned forest area and crack the “resource curse” in order to enhance the economic transformation and development of Heilongjiang state-owned forest area and stimulate the economic growth vitality of forest area.