Abstract: Taking CNKI as the data source,this paper used the Citespace literature visualization analysis software to draw the number of publications,the co-occurrence and clustering of keywords,timeline and emergence map.This paper analyzed the current situation,hotspots,frontiers and evolution path of agricultural productivity research in China,which taking agricultural undesirable output into account,and straightens out the development process of this research field,so as to provide reference for the update of follow-up research. The results showed that:① In terms of the overall trend,the annual number of publications in the literature had experienced a small number of publications → rapid rise → stable development situation with showing an increasing trend. Different research authors and institutions were also affected by regional environmental conditions,different academic subdivisions and other factors,and the collaboration relationship need to be enhanced;② The research was mostly based on theoretical and empirical analysis of economics,geography,metrology and other interdisciplinary perspectives. ③ From the perspective of research hotspots and frontiers,the effects of macro and micro factors on agricultural productivity included in agricultural undesirable output were different. There were differences in economic level,policy system,natural environment and other conditions among different provinces and cities. The direct or indirect effects of these external conditions led to significant differences in the effects of factors.